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equinox poH geomagnetic activity je magnetic recording tape polmeH mIw je: Russell McPherron je (1973) bopbogh De' ghItlh

M. Ferro | 1973 | ngeHlu'pu' Technical Notes of the Geomagnetic Laboratory, University of Quito

Geomagnetic Laboratory, University of Quito, Ecuador

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Journal of Geophysical Research January 1973 ghItlhDaq QIjmeH mIw chup Russell McPherron je. solstice retlhDaq puS geomagnetic disturbance, 'ach equinox retlhDaq law'; qaStaHvIS poH nI' ngoDvam Sovlu'. jul equator planeDaq tera' paw interplanetary magnetic field; planevamvaD tilt ghaj tera' magnetic axis, tilt ghajmo' tera' rotation axis 'ej rotation axisvo' offset ghajmo' magnetic axis'e'. tera' magnetospherevaD interplanetary field southward component tInqu' 5 April retlhDaq 5 October retlhDaq je 'e' lu'ang, 'ej magnetosphere 'elbogh energy SeH componentvam 'e' lu'ang. wa' lI'bogh wanI' meqmo' qaSbogh bop De' ghItlhvam. poltaHvIS magnetic recording tape, 'oH Dechbogh field Hoch qaw; ferric-oxide ta 'oH. quarter-inch tape 40 reel print-through wIja'; 1972 March equinox taghDI' polchoHlu', February 1973 pawDI' polbe'choHlu'; equator retlh Qulpa'vamDaq bID polta'lu' 'ej 56° N mid-latitude archiveDaq bID polta'lu'. September equinox nungHa'bogh HoghDaq, August 1972 stormmey tIn nungHa' je, nomqu' ghur mid-latitude archive print-through, 'ej planetary Kp index tlhejbogh correlation ghaj (r = 0.61). Qulpa'vamDaq season pattern ghajbe'. equator retlhDaq master tape polnISlu' 'e' wIchup; equinox jaj'e' tape machine alignnISlu', qaSpa' equinox nungHa'bogh disturbance Hogh 'e' wIchup.

1. 'elmeH De'

magnetic disturbance SeH poHmey DIS 'e' Sovlu'choH, taHbogh ta luqonchoHmo' vatlh DIS poH wa'maH HutDIch observatorymey. spring autumn je poHDaq ghom stormmey; solstice retlh jarmey tamqu'. cha' QIjmeH mIw luqel 'ej lughoHlu'. wa'DIchvaD jul equatorvaD tera' orbitDaq tera' Daq qellu'. cha'DIchvaD tera' magnetic axis solar wind stream je joj angle qellu'. DaH mI' lo'bogh 'ej waHlaHbogh QIjmeH mIw nobpu' Russell McPherron je (1973). interplanetary magnetic field bop mIw, field qengbogh solar wind neH bopbe'; disturbance tInqu' poH 'ang neHbe', jajmey 'ang je. puS ngoDmey Qulpa'vam buSbogh. magnetic ta DIpol, 'ej tapeDaq tu'lu' 'op.

2. Russell–McPherron Mechanism

julvo' HurDaq interplanetary magnetic field qenglu'; first approximationvaD jul equator planeDaq tu'lu'. tera' sector ghoSboghmo' jul lurgh ghaj field pagh julvo' HopchoHmeH lurgh ghaj. planevetlhDaq field tu'lu'chugh, jul frameDaq north-south component ghajbe'chu'. jul frame lo'taHvIS field leghbe' magnetosphere. tera' magnetic axis muvbogh frame lo'taHvIS legh; DIS Hoch choHtaH axisvam tilt amount, jul lurghDaq tilt ghaj pagh julvo' HopmeH lurghDaq tilt ghaj. tera' frameDaq interplanetary fieldvaD effective southward component nob tilt 'e' lu'ang Russell McPherron je; wa' sector polarityvaD 5 April retlhDaq tInqu' component, latlhvaD 5 October retlhDaq tInqu'. southward interplanetary field tu'lu'DI', solar windvaD poSmoHlu'qu' magnetosphere 'ej disturbance tInqu' SIQ. vaj qaS geomagnetic activity semiannual variation. equinox nungHa'bogh cha' Hogh retlhDaq peaks lan Qul ghItlhchaj, equinox jajDaq lanbe'; pImbogh ngoDvam bop De' ghItlhvam.

3. field qawmeH ta: tape

nI'bogh ferric oxide ribbon 'oH magnetic recording tape reel'e'; 'oHDaq 'oH SIHlu'ta'. recorded signal qeng layer Hoch, magnetisation pattern 'oH signal'e'; retlh layers fieldDaq tu'lu' layer Hoch. qaStaHvIS poH, retlh layersDaq layer Hoch signal copy puj 'uy field. print-through pong engineers. passages chuS nungbogh pre-echo puj 'oH Qoylu'bogh'e'; 'oH qaDnIS master recordings archive Hoch. poH, temperature, poltaHvIS reel 'oH Dechbogh field HoS je wuv print-through 'e' Sovlu'. wa' fieldvetlh 'oH geomagnetic field'e'. puj, 'ach not DachtaH 'ej not choHbe'taH. DIS poHmey tlhej field disturbance choHchugh, poHmeyvetlh tlhejnIS polta'bogh tape print-through choH je; disturbance tInqu' DaqDaq tInqu'nIS print-through choH.

4. mIw

wa' production batch quarter-inch tape loSmaH reelDaq rapbogh test signal qonta'lu': reference levelDaq 0.5 seconds 1 kHz tone burst, 'oH nungHa'bogh 4.5 seconds silence je; reel Hoch nI'taHghach HochDaq signalvam qaSqa'moHlu'. 1972 March equinoxvo' Qulpa'vamDaq Sor Hap cabinetDaq cha'maH reel polta'lu', choHbe'bogh 18 °C temperatureDaq. jajvetlhvo' latlh cha'maH polta'lu', rapbogh cabinetsDaq, rapbogh temperatureDaq, 56° N latlh QulwI' archiveDaq. May 1972 taghDI' February 1973 DorDI' je jar Hoch jaj wa'DIchDaq Daq Hochvo' cha' reel teqlu' 'ej wa' machineDaq lIngqa'lu'; session Hoch nungtaHvIS rapbogh calibration tape lo'lu'taHvIS machine alignlu'. print-through juvmeH burst Hoch nungbogh silenceDaq pre-echo level juvlu', burst levelvaD, 'ej reel HochDaq average SImta'lu'. wa'logh reel Hoch lIngqa'lu' 'ej ghIq lo'be'choHlu'; vaj cha'logh pagh reel juvlu'. pair Hoch polmeH poHvaD planetary Kp index published valuesvo' tlhaplu'.

5. ghu'mey tu'lu'bogh

Qulpa'vamDaq polmeH poH Hoch qaStaHvIS rapbogh rateDaq QIt ghur print-through; pair wa'DIchDaq -58.2 dB, pair QavDaq -57.1 dB. steady increasevo' season pattern chevlaHbe'lu'; polta'bogh tape motlh qanchoHmeH mIw 'oH increasevam'e'. mid-latitude archiveDaq -57.6 dB 'oHpu' first pair level'e'. mid-latitude archive first pair level jen law' Qulpa'vam first pair level jen puS; 0.6 dB 'oH difference'e'. qaSpu'DI' 1972 spring peak, qaS reel teqmeH wanI' wa'DIch; vaj peakvetlh ngu'laHbe'lu'. peakvetlhmo' qaSlaH reel teqmeH wanI' wa'DIch difference, 'ach peakvetlh tobbe' differencevetlh. ghIq mid-latitude archiveDaq print-through ghurmeH Do tIn law' Qulpa'vamDaq print-through ghurmeH Do tIn puS. cha' step pIm tu'lu': August 1972 taghDI' stormmey tIn ngaSbogh polmeH poHDaq qaS wa', 'ej September equinox nungHa'bogh Hoghmey ngaSbogh polmeH poHDaq qaS step cha'DIch; step cha'DIch tIn law' step wa'DIch tIn puS. reel teqmeH wanI' QavDaq -54.0 dB 'oH. DIS HochDaq reel teqmeH wanI'mey tlha'bogh joj print-through increase correlation ghaj, joj polmeH poH mean Kp index tlhej (r = 0.61). Qulpa'vamDaq significant 'oHbe' correlation rap'e' (r = 0.08). rapbogh temperatureDaq cha' archive polta'lu'; wa' batchvo' 'ej wa' recordingvo' reelmey. cha' archive pImmoH geomagnetic field chaHvaD ta'ta'bogh ngoD pIm.

6. qelmeH De' je chupmey je

recording tape bopbe' Russell McPherron je ghItlh. 'ach maH tu'ta'bogh wanI' 'ang mechanismchaj. equinox nungHa'bogh HoghDaq tInqu' disturbance, 'ej high latitudeDaq tInqu', pa' energy nobmo' magnetosphere. equator retlhDaq tape polchugh, energyvam pawmeH amount puSqu'bogh DaqDaq pol. vaj cha' chupmey DIghaj. wa'DIch: master recordings poltaHmeH Hechlu'chugh, equatorvo' minimum possible distance ghajbogh DaqDaq polnISlu'. cha'DIch: equinox jaj'e' tape machine alignnISlu'. equinox poHDaq julvo' linevaD perpendicular 'oH tera' rotation axis'e'; DIS geometrically neutral jaj 'oH, 'ej cha' Hogh retlh qaSpu'DI' paw qaSpa' Russell McPherron je 'angbogh disturbance. equinoxDaq alignlu'DI', disturbance nungbogh tam poHDaq alignlu'. DISvamvo' equinoxmeyDaq Qulpa'vam machine alignmeH wanI'mey DIta'.

7. choHmoHwI' De' (2026)

University of Quito Geomagnetic LaboratoryDaq doctorate SuqmeH Qul Dr. Magnus Ferro, 'ej poHvetlhvo' cham De' ghItlhvam tu'lu'; Equatorial Audio cherpa' qaS decades law'. Qulpa' ghItlhmey tetlhvo' ghItlhvam lIngqa'lu'. equinoxmeyDaq alignmeH Qavbogh lay'vamvo' equinox application windows tagh; DaH poHmeyvetlh lo'taH Equatorial Audio authorised calibration centres. Russell McPherron je Qul ghItlh tu'lu'bej 'ej lugh summary. semiannual variation QIjmeH mIwchaj motlh lo'lu'taH; solar wind lurghvaD dipole tilt'e' 'oH contribution nobbogh latlh ngoD'e' 'e' 'angpu' Qulmey qaSpu'bogh; direct 'oH contributionvam'e'. polta'bogh tape print-through tu'lu'bej, 'ej poH, temperature, field je wuv. taDaq experiment qonlu'ta'; ta wIchoHbe'taHvIS polmeH experiment De' wIlIngqa'; experiment ta'qa'be'lu'.

De'mey

  1. Russell, C. T., McPherron, R. L. (1973). Semiannual variation of geomagnetic activity. Journal of Geophysical Research, 78(1), 92-108. https://doi.org/10.1029/JA078i001p00092
  2. Bartels, J. (1932). Terrestrial-magnetic activity and its relations to solar phenomena. Terrestrial Magnetism and Atmospheric Electricity, 37(1), 1-52.
  3. Bartels, J., Heck, N. H., Johnston, H. F. (1939). The three-hour-range index measuring geomagnetic activity. Terrestrial Magnetism and Atmospheric Electricity, 44(4), 411-454.

QulmeH Doch DelHa'bogh Quito pa' 0.0000° latitude geomagnetik chenmoHlu'. ngoq tu'lu'. rIp tu'lu'.

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